The Long-Term Health Effects of Spay and Castration for Dogs
Creevy, K.E.
This paper reviews the long-term effects of spaying and castration in dogs and cats, including the well-known benefits and the potential drawbacks such as urinary incontinence, neoplasia or musculoskeletal diseases.
Information is provided on the capacity of dogs to metabolize omega-3 fatty acids (FA). Also there is a review on the effects of omega-3 FA on skin and coat, inflammatory responses, and neurologic development in puppies.
Review of the food allergy (FA) diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment. FA is defined as "all immune-mediated reactions following food intake". FA is a non-seasonal disease with skin and/or gastrointestinal disorders. Therapy of FA consists of avoiding the offending food component(s).